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Topic:
Some people believe that corporations have a responsibility to promote the well-being of the societies and environments in which they operate. Others believe that the only responsibility of corporations, provided they operate within the law, is to make as much money as possible.
Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.
برخی از مردم بر این باورند که شرکت های بزرگ مسئولیت ارتقا رفاه جوامع و محیط هایی را که در آن فعالیت می کنند، دارند. برخی دیگر معتقدند که تنها مسئولیت شرکت ها، به شرطی که در چارچوب قانون فعالیت کنند، کسب هرچه بیشتر پول است.
پاسخی بنویسید که در آن بحث کنید کدام دیدگاه بیشتر با نظر شما همسو است و استدلال خود را برای این موضع گیری توضیح دهید. در توسعه و حمایت از موقعیت خود، باید به هر دو دیدگاه ارائه شده توجه کنید.
دیدگاه اول
- اگر شرکت ها و صنایع مختلف به فکر رفاه جامعه و محیط هایی که در آن فعالیت می کنند، باشند، مردم نیز بیشتر به آنها اعتماد کرده و فروش آنها بالاتر می رود.
- تمام شرکت ها و صنایع مختلف موظفند که طبق استانداردهای تعیین شده، محصولات و خدمات خود را ارائه دهند و به فکر رفاه مردم و همچنین سازگار بودن آنها با محیط زیست باشند. اگر شرکت ها در این چهارچوب عمل کنند، درآمد مناسبی خواهند داشت و قانونی عمل کرده اند.
دیدگاه دوم
- برای تمام شرکتها و صنایع مختلف، طبق قانون استانداردهای در نظر گرفته شده که آنها باید در چهارچوب آن عمل کنند. به عنوان مثال، صنایع شیمیایی باید پساب های خود را به نحوی که در استاندارد تعیین شده دفن کنند تا به محیط زیست آسیب نرسد. هرچند این کار ممکن است هزینه‌های بیشتری را برای آنها در بر داشته باشد. اگر آنها فقط با هدف سود بیشتر بخواهند پساب خود را در دریا و اقیانوس تخلیه کنند، تا هزینه دفع آن را طبق استاندارد نپردازند، مشکلات متعددی برای کشور و محیط زیست پیش خواهد آمد.
- محصولات و خدماتی که توسط هر شرکت یا صنعت ارائه می شود باید طبق استانداردهای لازم بوده و برای انسان ها و محیط زیست ضرری نداشته باشد. اگر فقط شرکتها به فکر سود بیشتر باشند ممکن است محصولاتی را تولید کنند که روی سلامتی انسان ها تاثیر منفی می گذارد.
Strategies
To get started, break down the statement and identify the assumptions made.
Statement Breakdown
a) Corporations – the focus of the proposed viewpoints
b) Responsibility – the focus of the topic of corporations
c) Well–Being – the concept in question as related to responsibility
Assumptions:
a) Corporations are entities with responsibilities.
b) Neglect of responsibility has ramifications on corporations.
c) The operation of corporations intersects with both the law and the well–being of societies and environments.
After breaking down the statement and identifying assumptions, come up with pros and cons (or statements for and against) the topic given. You do not need to pick a side yet but knowing potential counterarguments will help you to develop a stronger essay once you do.
Pros and Cons:
Pros (Supporting the former statement):
a) Corporations will suffer from a reduced customer base if they do not ensure the well–being of societies and environments that they interact with.
b) Corporations are made up of people, whose self–interest should lead them to want to preserve their societies and environments.
c) Corporations will lose valuable resources if they do not protect the environments they interact with.
Cons (Supporting the latter statement):
a) Corporations need to make money in order to remain functional.
b) It is the responsibility of the law to determine the responsibility of corporations.
c) Corporations that do not specialize in protecting societies or the environment should not be involved in doing so.
Examples:
Include examples in order to make your essay as strong as possible. These are some potential routes you may take when choosing examples:
a) History contains many examples of arguments that support either side of this topic.
b) Corporations dealing with climate change and environmental protections contain examples of arguments for both sides of this topic.
c) Legal cases are another area where there are many examples of arguments for both sides of this topic.
Finally, come up with an outline of your essay. This may feel like it slows you down, but your essay will benefit from having an underlying structure.
Sample 1:
Corporations have become increasingly ingrained into the societies and environments that they interact with. In many cases, corporations that do not directly work to manage the well–being of the environment or the societies that they interact with still have some tangible effect on those systems. Due to this, there has been much debate over whether corporations have a responsibility to promote the well–being of these societies or environments that they interact with, as corporations are currently only required to work within the bounds of the law. While promoting this well–being may not be legally required of corporations, they do have a responsibility to promote it, both to protect the people who interact with those communities, and to protect their own self–interests.
As obesity increasingly becomes a health epidemic within the United States, backlash towards corporations that produce unhealthy or overly processed foods increased in frequency. However, given that all of the foods sold by these corporations had been approved by the FDA, these corporations had no legal responsibility to make the products that they sold healthier. In spite of this, many of these companies have launched campaigns to make their foods better for consumers and to make the nutritional information associated with their products more apparent to consumers so that they can make healthier decisions when they shop for groceries. If these corporations had not taken this path, it is entirely possible that the negative backlash from consumers may have driven them out of business, so they had a responsibility to promote the well–being of society in order to maintain the corporations' position in financial markets. Although this is not a legal responsibility, it connects back to the responsibility of companies to make as much money as possible, given that it furthers that end.
When BP spilled massive amounts of oil into the ocean during a mechanical failure of one of their pipeline systems, they were legally responsible for the monetary equivalent of the damages, but not for the cleaning and removal of the oil from the environment. However, the almost immediate backlash from environmental protection organizations, the media, and the general public placed this responsibility on BP for similar reasons to why food production corporations were forced to produce healthier foods – because the negative backlash they were receiving would likely have had negative effects on their profits, preventing them from making as much money as possible.
While there is no legal precedent that requires corporations to promote the well–being of societies and the environment, doing so can help corporations remain within the limits of the law and maximize the amount of money that they can make because it will make them look positive in the eyes of their customers, incentivizing increases in sales. In addition, destruction of societies or environments that corporations interact with will likely have negative consequences on the profits of corporations. Based on these facts, corporations do have a responsibility to promote the well–being of the societies and environments in which they operate, in that this responsibility is connected to their ability to maximize the amount of money they can make
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