GRE Issue Topic 18

GRE Issue Topic 18

Topic:

Some people believe that college students should consider only their own talents and interests when choosing a field of study. Others believe that college students should base their choice of a field of study on the availability of jobs in that field.

Write a response in which you discuss which view more closely aligns with your own position and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should address both of the views presented.

برخی از افراد بر این باورند كه دانشجویان هنگام انتخاب رشته باید فقط استعدادها و علایق خود را در نظر بگیرند. برخی دیگر بر این باورند که دانشجویان باید انتخاب رشته خود را براساس دسترسی به مشاغل موجود در آن رشته تعیین کنند.

پاسخی بنویسید که در آن بحث کنید کدام دیدگاه بیشتر با نظر شما همسو است و استدلال خود را برای این موضع گیری توضیح دهید. در توسعه و حمایت از موقعیت خود، باید به هر دو دیدگاه ارائه شده توجه کنید.

تجزیه و تحلیل دیدگاه اول

  • در عصر دیجیتال امروزی تخصص‌ها بسیار به یکدیگر نزدیک شده اند، بنابراین اگر دانشجویان رشته تحصیلی خود را فقط بر اساس علایق شان انتخاب کنند نیز، می توانند در آینده از روش های مختلفی برای درآمدزایی از طریق شغلشان به عنوان مثال با تبلیغات آنلاین یا کسب مهارت در زمینه های مختلف مرتبط با شغل شان برسند.
  • زمانی که دانشجویان در رشته مورد علاقه شان تحصیل می‌کنند، تمرکز بیشتری دارند و می‌توانند در آینده در مشاغل مرتبط با آن نیز به موفقیت دست پیدا کنند چون با شور و اشتیاق بیشتری به انجام کارهایی که به آن رشته تحصیلی مرتبط است، می پردازند.
  • دانشجویانی که در رشته مورد علاقه شان تحصیل می کنند، خلاقیت بیشتری از خود نشان می دهند و پیشرفت می کنند بنابراین می توانند آینده شغلی خود را نیز تضمین کنند.
  • به طور کلی دو نوع استعداد وجود دارد: استعداد ذاتی و مهارت اکتسابی. دانشجویان بهتر است رشته تحصیلی در دانشگاه را بر اساس استعداد ذاتی خود انتخاب کنند (چون استعداد را نمیتوان تغییر داد) و سپس مهارت های لازم را برای موفقیت و درآمدزایی در آن رشته کسب کنند.

تجزیه و تحلیل دیدگاه دوم

  • ما در دنیایی زندگی می‌کنیم که تغییرات در آن به سرعت رخ می دهد و بازار مشاغل نیز از این تغییرات مستثنا نیست و ممکن است شغلی که امروز بسیار پردرآمد است، طی یک یا دو سال آینده آنقدر اشباع شود که دیگر جای کار برای آن باقی نماند. بنابراین، انتخاب رشته بر اساس بازار کار و درآمد زایی نمی‌تواند منطقی باشد.
  • اگر دانشجویان فقط رشته ها را بر اساس این که در آینده کدام شغل پردرآمد تر است انتخاب کنند، بعضی از تخصص ها کاملا خالی می ماند و در آینده کمبود این تخصص‌ها به طور آشکاری مشکلاتی را برای جامعه به وجود خواهد آورد.
  • اگر دانشجویان رشته تحصیلی شان را فقط بر اساس این که چه شغلی پردرآمد است، انتخاب کنند، ممکن است که هیچگونه استعدادی در آن نداشته باشند و نتوانند به موفقیت برساند و حتی نیمه کاره آن را رها کنند.
  • دانشجویانی که رشته تحصیلی خود را فقط بر اساس اینکه چه شغلی پردرآمد است، انتخاب می‌کند نه تنها زمان شان را هدر می دهند بلکه بودجه ای که دولت نیز صرف آنها کرده، برای تحصیل در این رشته به هدر خواهند داد، چون انگیزه لازم برای موفقیت در آن را در آینده نخواهند داشت. در حال حاضر فارغ التحصیلان بسیاری را می‌بینیم که شغل آنها هیچ ربطی به رشته ای که در آن تحصیل کرده اند، ندارد و زمانی که دلیل آن را می پرسیم متوجه می‌شویم که آنها رشته تحصیلی شان را بدون این که علاقه‌ای به آن داشته باشند، انتخاب کرده اند، فقط به این امید که آینده شغلی آنها تضمین شده است که در نهایت هم به نتیجه خوبی نرسیده‌اند.

 

Strategies
Assumptions:
What are the assumptions in the claim?
Assumption 1: Some courses of study are more valuable than others.
Assumption 2: Students should not pursue what they love if it does not lead to ready employment.
Assumption 3: Some careers are more highly valued than others.
Assumption 4: These careers will always be in high demand.

Opposing viewpoint:
College students should not base their choice of field on the availability of jobs in that field.
What are the assumptions in this claim?
Assumption 1: College students should study what they love.
Assumption 2: College students should base their choice of a field of study on their strengths.
Assumption 3: All jobs are valuable.
Is there another way of looking at the claim? What reason would someone have for making this claim?
Reason 1: Students will need immediate employment to pay off accumulated college debt.
Reason 2: Jobs are more plentiful and readily available in some fields.

Alternative claim:
College students must be encouraged to choose a field of study that interests them and addresses their personal and academic strengths.
Support for alternative claim:
Example: Nurses and nurse practitioners are in great demand today. If a student has great difficulty with the sciences, he or she will find it virtually impossible to complete a nursing program successfully. What happens to the job market if colleges and universities produce a surplus of nurses?

Sample 1:

The ranks of the unemployed are filled with people of all ages and all levels of education who believed that, if you work hard, you will be successful. They never could have envisioned the day when their skills would become obsolete or their jobs would be sent to another country where the overhead is lower. They may very well have listened to the advice presented in the original claim when they were going off to college. With visions of dollar signs filling their heads, they enrolled in programs that guaranteed employment post–graduation. They were simply being practical. Therefore, students should not pick their undergraduate majors based on the careers available at that moment, because there is no guarantee that those careers will still be available once they graduate.

One can imagine parents today telling their children to follow the words of the claim. In the second decade of the twenty–first century, practicality seems more important than ever. The cost of college discourages students from always following their dreams. Left with college debt that may range from $20,000 to more than $100,000, students must consider how they will repay the loans. The unemployment rate, as well, drives students into careers that promise an immediate and steady paycheck. Dreams and passions are put on hold.

All prospective college students should know that the demand for employees in specific careers ebbs and wanes. For the past few years, officials have been predicting shortage of teachers as many current teachers will reach retirement age shortly. High–school graduates took this as a call to major in education in college, believing that their skills would be in high demand after graduation. Then the recession hit, and states and local school systems had to make budget cuts, accomplished, in part, by eliminating teaching positions. In Texas, alone, the state eliminated 49,000 teaching positions. Not only are those positions unavailable to new college graduates, the teachers who once filled them are now looking for work. Because baby boomers are nearing old age, jobs in the medical field are plentiful. The classifieds are filled daily with ads for nurses, nurse practitioners, and pharmacists. If new college students focus on those careers in great numbers, they will soon create a glut of medical professionals, and many of them will not find work in their fields.

No matter what students choose to study, they should be made aware that they may have to change careers at some point in their lives. They might as well choose a career they are passionate about. The most important skill they might learn in college is how to learn. In today’s changing job market, employees must be prepared to update their skill sets. Advancing technology, by itself, has changed the way that traditional jobs are done today. If college students choose a career with the skills and environment that suit them, they will be good at what they do.

Eventually, if not immediately, they will be rewarded financially. Do what you love, and the money will follow. It is said that if you choose a job you love, you will never work a day in your life. The true reward of a career choice may reside in the feeling of satisfaction at the end of the day and leaving work with eagerness to return the next day.


نظرات کاربران

هنوز نظری درج نشده است!