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Topic:
The luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life prevent people from developing into truly strong and independent individuals.
Write a response in which you discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement and explain your reasoning for the position you take. In developing and supporting your position, you should consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
تجملات و راحتی زندگی معاصر مانع از پیشرفت افراد و ساختن اشخاصی کاملاً قوی و مستقل می شود.
پاسخی بنویسید که در آن درمورد موافقت یا مخالفت با این جمله بحث کنید و استدلال خود را درباره موضع گیری خود توضیح دهید. در توسعه و حمایت از موضع خود، باید روشهایی را در نظر بگیرید که طبق آن، این نظریه ممکن است درست باشد یا نباشد و توضیح دهید که این ملاحظات چگونه موضع شما را شکل می دهند.
موافق
- پیشرفت تکنولوژی از جهاتی ما انسان ها را تنبل کرده است ما به جای اینکه از ذهن خودمان استفاده کنیم تا بسیاری از چیز ها را به خاطر بسپاریم، سعی داریم بدون زحمت دادن به خودمان هر چیزی را با جستجو در گوگل و استفاده از لپ تاپ ها، رایانه ها و تلفن های هوشمند پیدا کنیم.
- تکنولوژی در اصل امروز کار ما را راحت تر کرده و از جنبه هایی ما را ضعیف کرده است. ما برای انجام تمام کارهای ما به تجهیزات و تکنولوژی ها وابسته شده‌ایم و به همین علت نمی‌توانیم به عنوان افرادی مستقل و قوی بار بیاییم.
- تکنولوژی هایی مثل تلفن هوشمند، لپ تاپ، کامپیوتر و اینترنت ما را به انسانهای منزوی تبدیل کرده به طوری که فقط در خانه می نشینیم و بسیاری از وقت خود را صرف شبکه های مجازی می کنیم بدون اینکه با انسانهای دیگر ارتباط نزدیک و رودررو داشته باشیم که یکی از لازمه های خودسازی همین مورد است به همین علت تضعیف شده ایم.
- در این عصر دیجیتال ما برده تکنولوژی شده ایم و بدون این تجهیزات و تکنولوژی ها قادر به انجام هیچ کاری نیستیم. بنابراین، تکنولوژی ما را از تربیت خودمان به عنوان انسان های قوی و مستقل باز داشته است.
مخالف
- تصور زندگی بدون تکنولوژی هایی مثل اینترنت، تلفن هوشمند، خودرو، و غیره بسیار مشکل است. تمام این موارد هم موجب شده که زندگی ما راحت تر شود و هم زمان بیشتری را برای ما فراهم آورده تا بتوانیم به مسائل و کارهای مهمتری رسیدگی کنیم و نسل انسان را با کشف های جدید مثل داروهای ضد بیماری های مختلف، قویتر کنیم.
- تکنولوژی های امروزی مثل هواپیما به انسانها فرصت می دهد که بتوانند کل جهان را بهتر بشناسند و به این ترتیب توانایی خود سازی بهتری داشته باشند. به عنوان مثال، طی چند ساعت میتوان از یک کشور به کشور دیگر رفت و در آنجا کنفرانس های علمی برگزار کرد .
- تکنولوژی امروزه به زنان کمک کرده که بتوانند وارد جامعه شده و محدودیت های پیش از این وجود داشته را کنار بزنند آنها دیگر مجبور نیستند تمام وقت خود را در آشپزخانه برای انجام کارهای روزمره بگذرانند بلکه می‌توانند این کارها را به وسایلی که اختراع شده بسپارند و خودشان برای انجام امور مهمتری وارد جامعه شوند.
Strategies
Begin by restating the issue. In this case, try replacing prevent with the verb, create. What do the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life cause?
In other words:
The luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life create individuals who are weak and dependent.
Or: Weak and dependent people are the product of the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life.
You could also determine what question is being answered by the issue statement.
How are individuals affected by the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life?
The question may help some writers develop alternative viewpoints. The original issue statement is only one of several possible responses to the question.
Now, think about the parts of the statement that provide evidence that you can affirm or refute.
a) luxuries and conveniences – These are subjective labels. What may be a luxury for one may be a necessity or a convenience for another. Luxury is a value judgment.
b) contemporary life – Have people in previous generations voiced the same complaint as better ways of completing tasks evolved? A generation ago, the bulky bag phone that plugged into a car’s cigarette lighter was considered a luxury. Children often hear the lament, “In my day, I had to...” implying that each successive generation has it better than the one before.
Next, create a statement that expresses the opposing viewpoint, using language similar to that of the original issue.
Opposing viewpoint:
The luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life have made it possible for individuals to pursue their passions and develop their personal strengths.
Identify the parts of the opposing statement that provide evidence to refute or affirm.
a) pursue – to follow in a direction that leads to obtaining a goal
b) passions – the activities that excite one’s desire for action or accomplishment
c) personal strengths – may be physical, but can be intellectual or artistic or altruistic
Alternatives:
Is there another way of looking at this issue? Who determines whether something is a luxury or a convenience? Are they subjective terms? An elevator in a two–story building may seem like a luxury, but, if you are in a wheelchair or use a cane to walk, it may be a necessity. If you use the elevator and you have no compelling physical reason to do so, are you less strong and independent? Have some conveniences become inconvenient or even dangerous? The cell phone is a convenience that is probably overused. If you are at the grocery store and someone calls you, do you feel obligated to answer, thus extending your time at the store? The news is rife with stories about automobile accidents that have been caused by texting and driving. Does your geographical location or economic situation help to define what items are luxuries and/or conveniences?
Alternative viewpoint:
Because the perception of what constitutes a luxury, or a convenience is subjective, a blanket statement about their ability to reduce one’s level of strength and independence is bound to have exceptions.
Now you must decide which point of view to address in your essay. Completing the prewriting activities has given you several choices and ideas for defending any of those choices. Even the viewpoints that are opposite of yours will have points that you can use in writing your response. As you review your notes, decide which of your ideas offer the strongest support for your position; you do not have to use all of them. Keep in mind that others may disagree with your position, so address their concerns in your response. Before you decide, carefully consider the following checklist. You will have addressed several of them in the exercises you have completed above.
a) I have identified the central issue.
b) I understand the instructions.
c) I have decided that I agree/disagree/partially agree with the issue and why.
d) I have identified the assumptions in the claim and determined whether or not they are reasonable.
e) If necessary, I can explain how I interpret any or all of the concepts and terms used in the claim.
f) I have identified my reasons for the position I have taken.
g) I have compelling examples to support my position.
The next step should be listing the main reasons and support for your position. You may use any of the above prewriting activities as you prepare evidence for supporting you point of view. Remember that the GRE readers scoring your response are not looking for a “right” answer. The readers are evaluating your ability to address the specific instructions and articulate and develop an argument to support your understanding and evaluation of the issue.
Your notes do not have to be exhaustive. As you begin to write your essay, your brain will generate new ideas. Make certain that you keep the directions in mind as you develop your ideas. Use as many or as few paragraphs as you consider appropriate for your argument but create a new paragraph when you move on to a new idea or example of support for your position. The GRE readers are not looking for a specific number of ideas or paragraphs. Instead, they are reading to determine the level of understanding of the topic and the complexity with which you respond.
In this task, you are asked to discuss the extent to which you agree or disagree with the statement. You may completely agree or disagree with the statement, or you may agree under certain conditions. You are also instructed to explain your reasoning and consider ways in which the statement might or might not hold true and explain how these considerations shape your position.
You may use any organizational strategy or form of reasoning to present your position as clearly and succinctly as possible. You may recall writing strategies that you learned in high school or a writing–intensive course that you took in college, but it is not necessary to employ any of those strategies. It is important that your ideas follow a logical progression and display strong critical thinking.
Sample 1:
I try to imagine myself carrying my dirty laundry down to the river and, after immersing the items in the cold water, beating them against a rock to get the really tough stains out. Without an enzyme detergent, I will find it difficult to remove the blood spatter on my skirt from the chicken I killed for last night’s supper. Upon returning to my home, I will spread the wet clothes on the bushes in the yard and hope that they dry before the rain begins. Otherwise, I will have to drape them on the furniture in front of the fire in the house and keep that fire going with wood that I will have to chop. Yes, I am a strong and independent individual, but I don’t have time to think about what I can do for the advancement of mankind. Luxuries and conveniences free me to discover the strengths that I have in other areas of my life.
Time, after all, is the greatest luxury. All of the conveniences in my life simply enable me to have more time to devote to the people in my life or to pursue interests that might benefit me or members of my community in some way. Sure, I can get the dishes as clean washing them by hand as my dishwasher does, but, while that machine is performing the task for me, I can be writing notes on the cards I want to send to friends who are either celebrating the birth of a new baby or mourning the loss of a grandparent. I can probably get as much water out of my freshly washed clothes using a wringer, but, while my automatic washing machine is spinning the water away, I can finish the research for my paper that’s due. I am able to buy a dishwasher and a washing machine and any number of other appliances, but I cannot buy time. If those conveniences help me preserve some of the time I have, they are well worth the price.
In reality, the definition of a luxury is subjective. An elevator in a two–story building may be considered a luxury, but, if I am injured or disabled, the elevator becomes a necessity. Owning an airplane may seem luxurious, but, if I live in a remote area of Alaska where there are no roads, the plane becomes a necessary means of travel. One man’s meat is another man’s poison. There is always more than one way to look at an issue. In many ways, modern conveniences do become a burden. Everything one owns constitutes an obligation. It must be maintained, repaired, insured, and, above all, used. Conveniences can become inconvenient. If I am one of those who cannot leave home without my cell phone, I am obligated to answer it when it rings, whether I am walking down the street, shopping for groceries, or waiting at the dentist’s office. I may feel the compunction to call someone while I’m standing in front of the meat counter and can’t decide what to have for dinner. In this manner, the convenience does diminish my independence. At the end of the day, how my luxuries and conveniences contribute to my character is my choice.
Sample 2:
As per the author, people’s independence is deteriorated by use of modern facilities. In some aspects, this is true, as people have become more dependent. However, we cannot neglect the importance of many things in our lives. Moreover, despite the use of the facilities, humans are still very strong and independent beings. It is just that whenever people see some crimes happening around, they blame the luxurious and convenient life for the fecklessness, irresponsible behavior, and independence of contemporary individuals. However, it is not the luxuries and conveniences of contemporary life that hampers the healthy development of individuals; rather it is the attitudes one has of life and his personality that guides him through moral development.
Before discussing this topic, one should be clear about what luxury is. Luxury is something inessential and expensive but conducive to pleasure and comfort. In the modern times, people, especially the urban population, are enjoying the luxurious and convenient lives. Ironically, people in cities encounter much difficulty in developing themselves into truly strong and independent personalities in the modern “harmless” life. Technological advancement has brought humans many convenient facilities, which are useful if a person does not depend on them completely. These facilities help humans to overcome physical difficulties, which were otherwise hard to conquest by mere human power. Through luxuries, people could overcome difficulties caused by geography, weather, or time for example, car, cell phone, computer, airplanes etc. Cars and airplanes take people from one place to another in less time. However, people start depending on them too much. They get into the habit of using a car for just short trips to a store at a corner. They avoid walking down even short distances. People prefer to go to gyms instead of walking or riding a cycle.
Many people spend much of their time with facilities like television and habitually use mobile phones. These people get so much addicted to these things that absence of these facilities makes them feel insecure. However, this partial dependency does not prove that people are less strong or are weakened mentally or emotionally. A person with a strong personality and positive attitude toward life is always well prepared for any challenge and competition. While those with characteristic deficiencies or negative attitudes towards life are always blaming the luxuries or poverty for the failure without examining the actual causes that may be lying in themselves.
However, we cannot neglect the effect of the improved life on the developing of individual traits. Without proper guidance, today’s youth may well take it for granted that there is no necessity for hard work and responsibility since the convenient life is already at hand. Hence, they should be explained that improvement of life is the contribution of every individual’s hard work, and that no one deserves it unless he also does his contribution. In order to achieve the strength and soundness of personality, one should set up healthy attitudes to life and chasten himself through competitions and failures.
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